Multiverse Balance Laws in Cyclic Cosmology: An Open-Subsystem Formulation for Energy and Entropy Exchange
Yoshikuni Tsuno ·
This manuscript formulates an open-subsystem balance-law framework for cyclic cosmology. Each individual universe is treated as an open subsystem of a larger multiverse ensemble, while the ensemble itself is treated as the closed bookkeeping structure.
Abstract summary
The paper introduces a balance-law language in which local apparent non-conservation can coexist with global closure. It retains standard 3 + 1 spacetime within each universe, avoids additional timelike dimensions, and orders evolution by a monotonic chronometric parameter.
The energy layer uses antisymmetric transfer currents between universes, while the entropy layer separately allows internal entropy production. This lets the multiverse ensemble remain closed in energy while still supporting thermodynamic drift, irreversibility, and nontrivial cyclic behavior.
Key concepts
Each universe is treated as a coarse-grained open subsystem.
The multiverse ensemble is used as the closed balance-law structure.
Antisymmetric transfer currents allow exact ensemble energy closure.
Entropy exchange is separated from internal entropy production.
Evolution is ordered without adding a new timelike dimension.
The framework supports later treatment of chi, baryon asymmetry, and memory variables.